Tatata ho liteko tse fapaneng bakeng sa pad e kentsoeng lithuto
Jun 05, 2025
Siea molaetsa
I. Liteko tsa DAD - li-profermers
Pad {{0 0}}liteko tsa tloaeloPele o tloha fektheri ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng, polokeho le ho ts'epahala tshebeletsong. Tse latelang li qaqisa lintlha tse felletseng tsa tlhahlobo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe:
1. Teko ea khanyetso ea khanyetso
Morero:
Ho lekanya khanyetso ea holimo le tlase - Voltage Windings, e hlahloba litaba tse kang manonyeletso a futsanehileng, kapa likhutlo tse ntle.
Mokhoa:
- Sebelisa aDC Borokho kapa Micro {{0 0}} Ohmmeterho lekanya.
- Tekanyo e lokela ho nkuoa boemong bo batang (mocheso oa kamore), 'me mocheso o lokela ho tlalelloa khalemelo.
- Lekanya karolo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e phahameng le tlase {{0 0}}
- Melao ea boitšoaro ea mekhahlelo e amanang le eona e lokela ho tšoana.
- Teko ea hajoale e hangata ke 10% -15% ea hajoale.


2. E fetola teko ea karohano
Morero:
Ho netefatsa hore tekanyo ea phetoho pakeng tsa tse phahameng le e tlase - Voltage Windings Symings Melisa
Mokhoa:
- Sebelisa aE fetola teropo ea ratio (TRT).
- Lekola mekhahlelo eohle (A, B, B, c) le maemo ohle a ho phahamisa.
- Ho kheloha ho lumelletsoeng ka tloaelo ± 0.5%.
- Phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa mekhahlelo e ka supa liphoso tsa moea kapa likhokahano tse sa nepahalang.
3. Teko ea Tefo ea Polation le bokha
Morero:
Ho etsa bonnete ba hore Polarity e nepahetseng le kamano ea mantlha, ka ho khetheha ts'ebetso e tšoanang.
Mokhoa:
- Etsa kopo ea voltage e tlase (mohlala, 100v AC) ho isa holimo le ho lekanya voltage ka lehlakoreng le tlase-
- Fumana hore na transticformer e na le eonatlatsa kapa ho tlosa polasetiki e tlase.
- Bakeng sa ba bararo - Setsi sa mantlha, netefatsa tatellano e nepahetseng ea mantlha.


4. Ha ho joalo {{{{}}
Morero:
Ho lekanya koluoa ea tšepe (tšepe) le ho kholisoa hona joale ka lebaka la che- maemo
Mokhoa:
- Etsa kopo ea Voltage e nang le maemo a phahameng {{0 0}}
- Lekanya matla a ho kenya (Che- Lifofane tsa Moroallo) le ho kenya nako ea hajoale (ea khale).
- Nako ea morao-rao e lokela ho ba tlase ho 2% -5% ea hajoale.
- High Che {0- tahlehelo ea moroalo e ka bonts'a likheo tsa Core, insurricon tšepe ea silio.
5. Tahlehelo ea ho lahleheloa ke boima ba voltage
Morero:
Ho tseba koporo (i²r) le lithaelese tsa maemo a tlase tlasa maemo a molisa.
Mokhoa:
- Nako e khuts'oane lehlakoreng le le leng (hangata e tlase {{0 0}}
- Lekanya voltage ea ho kenya, ea hajoale le matla ho bala tahlehelo ea mojaro.
- Bala Voltage ea Boemo ba Lijo (joalo ka liperesente tsa voltage e sa tsitsang).
- Tlholeho e bohlokoa bakeng sa lipalo tsa duault le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea pele.


6. Ac with liteko tsa voltage (Hi {{{}}
Morero:
Ho netefatsa matla a ho etsoa ha tsamaiso ea puo le ho bona bofokoli leha e le bofe.
Mokhoa:
- Kenya kopo ea 50/60 hzAC TiteLho meea ea metsotso e le 'ngoe.
- Maemo a voltage a latela litekanyetso (mohlala, IEC 60076), joalo ka 50 kv bakeng sa bafetoheli ba sehlopha sa 35kv.
- Ha ho frahover kapa karohano e lokela ho etsahala nakong ea tlhahlobo.
- Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea tlhokahalo le polokeho e tlameha ho qala pele ho pele.
7. Teko e ka bang teng
Morero:
Ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea insulation pakeng tsa nako le lipakeng tsa moea.
Mokhoa:
- Kenya kopo ea voltage e phahameng hohabeli hore e behiloe khafetsa (mohlala, 100 hz)ho isa tlase {{0 0}} Voltage e felisanghabeliba chesehang {{0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5.
- Nako ea tlhahlobo ke metsotsoana e 60.
- E etselitsoe ho senola hore na "}} ho {-
- Ha ho na ho seha ho itseng, flashover, kapa ho phatloha ho lokela ho etsahala.


8. Tank leakhoge (khatello)
Morero:
Ho netefatsa bonnete ba ho tiisa ho tiisa tanche ea transformer ho thibela ho tsoaloa ha oli le iteres ea mongobo.
Mokhoa:
- Tlatsa tanka ka0.2-0.35 MPA ea moea kapa naetrojene, boloka khatello ka lihora tse 12-24.
- Sebelisa tharollo ea sesepa kapa sesebelisoa sa elektronick saak ho hlahloba li-weld le manonyeletso a bubble.
- Ntle le moo, etsahydrostatic (khatello ea khatello)ka oli.
- Ha ho na Deformation kapa ho sesa hoa lumelloa.
Karolo e akaretsang ea liteko tse tloaelehileng
|
Che. |
Teko |
Morero |
Kakaretso ea Metho |
|
1 |
Ho hanyetsa |
Lekola tse ling tsa ho ba teng le ho ikopanya le boleng |
Lekanya DC ho hanyetsoa ka karolo |
|
2 |
E fetoha karolelano |
Netefatsa maemo a nepahetseng a ho fetoha ha hv le lv |
Ts'ebeliso e fetola teropo ea ratio (TRT) |
|
3 |
Polarity le Mokha o amanang |
Etsa bonnete ba phepelo e nepahetseng le karolo ea tšebeliso ea tšebeliso e tšoanang |
Polarity and Plase Teko |
|
4 |
Che {{0 0}} Lifofane tsa Moroallo & Fination Fination |
Lekola boleng ba mantlha le kopano |
Etsa kopo ea tšebeliso ea Voltage le ho lekanya |
|
5 |
Tahlehelo ea ho lahleheloa |
Lekanya tahlehelo ea koporo le tlhophiso |
Short - |
|
6 |
Ac acretage |
Netefatsa tlhaiso-leseling e kengoang |
Etsa kopo e lekantsoeng ea ac voltage e 10 min |
|
7 |
Teko e ka bang teng |
Lekola {{0 0} ho {{{{{{{{1} |
Etsa kopo e phahameng {0 0}}- {{{{{{{{{{{}}} |
|
8 |
Tanka leakile (tlhahlobo ea khatello) |
Netefatsa hore ha ho na oli ea oli / khase tlasa khatello |
Teko ea khase kapa ea hydrostatic khatello ea maikutlo |
II. Type Liteko Bakeng sa Pad {0 0}}
Litlhahlobo tsa mofuta li tsamaisoa hoSetsi sa MoemeliSetotong sa transformer ho netefatsa hore moralo o kopana le litekanyetso le litekanyetso tsa polokeho tlasa maemo a feteletseng kapa a boletsoeng. Liteko tsena ha li sebelisoe setsing se seng le se seng, empa sejaneng se le seng sa sampole se tsoang moleng oa sehlahisoa. Liteko tsa bohlokoa tsa mofuta oa pad {2 2}} Matsoho a kentsoeng:
🧪1. Teko ea mocheso
🔍Morero:
Ho netefatsa hore meea ea Transformer le oli ea ho hlahloba e lula e le meeli ea mocheso mocheso o lekantsoeng, e bonts'a ts'ebetso ea polokeho {{0}
🔧Mokhoa:
- Etsa kopoSekhahla sa Voltage le tse lekantsoeng tsa hajoaleka mocheso oa kamore.
- Setlape se fetolelang ho fihlela se feto-fetoha ha ATRMAL ho fihlela ATRMAL Equilibrium e fihlelletsoa (ka tloaelo lihora tse 8-10).
- Tekanyo:
- Mocheso o fokangka phetoho ea ho hanyetsa (mokhoa o sa tobang).
- Mocheso oa oli oa holimosebelisa thermocoules kapa sensor tsa mocheso.
- Meeli ea mocheso oa mocheso (joalo ka IEC 60076-2):
- Ho tsoha oli e holimo ea oli e holimo:Ka tlase ho kapa ho lekana le 60 k
- Mocheso o fokang:E ka tlase ho kapa e lekanang le 65 k
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
Ho phahama ha mocheso ha hoa lokela ho feta meeli e tloaelehileng ho qoba maemo a potlakileng a ho tsofala kapa ho fokotsoa hampe.


⚡2. Lightning tsa leseli li lekanya liteko
🔍Morero:
Ho netefatsa bokhoni ba phetoho ho mamella palo e phahameng {0 {0 0}}}
🔧Mokhoa:
- Etsa kopo Standard1.2 / 50 μs Khanya ea Khanyaho sebelisa jenereithara e amang.
- Etsa kopo ea 5 e nang le tšusumetso e 5 le 1 e nang le matla a tletse {{voltage e felisang.
- E tlase {{0 0 0 5} ho fola
- Lekola wavelms bakeng sa ho khopamisa, ho pepa ka tsela e itseng, kapa ho kheloha.
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
Ho se be le flashover, ho phatloha ha mohopolo, kapa ho akheha ho itseng ho lokela ho etsahala kapa ka mor'a liteko tsa tšusumetso.
🔩 3. Short -
🔍Morero:
Ho netefatsa matla a ts'ebetso le matla a futhumetseng a tlasa maemo a fosahetseng, joalo ka lipotoloho tse khutšoane tse tlase ho la {0 0}}.
🔧Mokhoa:
- Short {{0 0}}}}-
- Etsa kopo ea Voltage ho Phahameng {0 0}} Manyolo a Voltage lehlakoreng la ho hlahisaE lekantsoe le bokhutšoanyane -(hangata tse 8-25 makhetlo a 8-25 e lekantsoe hona joale).
- Nako:0.25 ho metsotsoana e 2, peumulating Real {0 0}} Lefatše le lekhutšoanyane {
- Lekanya lipapatso pele le kamora tlhahlobo:
- Ho hanyetsa
- E fetoha karolelano le tlholeho
- Phokotso ea Voltage
- Boikhethelo
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
Ha ho na Deformation kapa Draationmation ka li-parameter tsa motlakase kamora tlhahlobo.


🔊4. Tekanyo ea molumo oa molumo
🔍Morero:
Ho lekanya lerata le hlahisitsoeng ke se fetoletsoeng nakong ea ts'ebetso, haholo-holo ka lebaka la meeli ea mantlha ea mantlha.
🔧Mokhoa:
- Matlafatsa boemo bo phahameng - Manyolo a Voltage levoltage e lekantsoeng, ha a le tlase - lehlakoreng la voltage lehlakoreng la voltage le bulehile (che {{{1}
- Etsa tlhahlobo ka tlung kapa semi {- phallo ea anechoctor ho ea kaIec 60076-10kapaIEee C57.12.90.
- Sebelisa aMeter ea molumo ea molumoHo lekanya lerata maemong a mangata1 mithahole le setsi sa transformer.
- Tlalehaka karolelano kapa boholo ba - Boemo ba khatello ea maikutlo (DB [A]).
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
- Ka tlase ho kapa e lekanang le 60-70 db [a] libakeng tsa indasteri
- Ka tlase ho kapa ho lekana le 55 db [a] ka ho lula sebakeng sa bolulo kapa lerata -
📋Karolo ea kakaretso ea liteko tsa mofuta
|
Che. |
Ntho ea liteko |
Morero |
Kakaretso ea Metho |
|
1 |
Teko e Phahameng ea mocheso |
Netefatsa botsitso ba futhumatsang ba futhumetseng ba futhumetseng |
Teko e lekantsoeng ea mojaro, lekanya moea o fokang le oli |
|
2 |
Teko ea Khanya e Khanyang |
Etsa bonnete ba hore ho tsoa ho ho mamella ho ka mamella manyalo |
Kenya kopo ea lintlha tsa 1.2 / 50 μs |
|
3 |
Short {{0 0}} |
Netefatsa / ho tšoarella ha motlakase |
Ho kenella ha sehlōhō nakong ea nako e khuts'oane |
|
4 |
Tekanyo ea bophahamo ba molumo |
Netefatsa lerata la ts'ebetso e ka har'a meeli |
Che - |
III. Liteko tse khethehileng tsa Pad {{0 0}}
Litlhahlobo tse ikhethang li etsoa ho fanaTlhahisoleseling e eketsehileng ea tlhahlobo ea lefukapa ho netefatsa ho latelaLitlhoko tse ntlafalitsoeng. Ha se karolo ea tloaelo kapa liteko tsa mofuta, empa hangata li kopantsoe ke basebelisi bakeng sa basebelisi bakeng sa likopo tse tebileng kapa tlhahlobo ea boemo.
1. Teko ea Dischage (PD)
Morero:
Ho bona libaka tse fokolang kapa liphiri ho tsamaiso ea puo (joalo ka mapetso, mapetso, kapa a bohale ho sa atleheng.
🔧Mokhoa:
- Etsa kopo ea Voltage (hangata 1.5 ×}}}] ho {}}]}]}]}]
- Sebelisa aPd e lekanya sesebelisoaHo beha mosebetsi oa ho hapa (o lekantsoe hoPC- Picocolombs).
- Teko hangata e etsoa tlasa lithahasello tse phahameng le tikoloho e laoloang.
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
- Ho latela IEC 60270 kapa IEEEE C57.113.
- Boemo ba PD bo lokela ho ba< 10–50 pC(ho latela sehlopha sa motlakase.
- Ha ho na ketsahalo e matla kapa e ntseng e eketseha ea PD ea PD nakong ea tlhahlobo.


2. Orisi oa Diectric Discown Voltage (BDV) Teko
🔍Morero:
Ho lekola bokhoni ba oli ba ho fokotsa khatello ea motlakase, ha hoa ka ha tsoa fetoha lebaka la litšila, mongobo kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali, kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali, kapa botsofali kapa botsofali, kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali kapa botsofali
🔧Mokhoa:
- Nka mohlala oa oli ho tloha tankeng ea Transformer.
- E behe ka seleng e tloaelehileng ea liteko leLi-elektrone tse peli tsa SpiveBeha sebaka se tsitsitseng (ka tloaelo 2,5 mm kapa 4 mm).
- Etsa kopoAc voltage butle butleho fihlela Deaddown ea Diectric (spark) e etsahala.
- Tlhahlobo e phetoa makhetlo a 5-6; Li-vortage tse arohaneng tsa karolelano li baloa.
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
- Bakeng sa oli e ncha ea liminerale:E kholo ho feta kapa e lekanang le 30-40 kv.
- Bakeng sa - oli ea Ts'ebeletso:E kholo ho feta kapa e lekanang le 25 kv.
- Haeba liphetho li le tlase, ho metsi kapa ho khutlisa oli ho ka hlokahala.
-
3. Ho hlahlobisisa khafetsa tlhahlobo ea nako ea khafetsa (sfra)
🔍Morero:
Ho bona libaka kapa meelelo ea mantlha ea mantlha, moea kapa meaho ea meea ka mor'a lipalangoang, lipotoloho tse khuts'oane kapa li makala.
🔧Mokhoa:
- Etsa kopo ea tlase {}} Voltage e feforeloang (hangata 10 Hz - 2 hzz).
- Lekanya le ho rekota StraformerMokhoa oa ho araba khafetsa.
- Bapisa liphetho ho litšupiso (baeline oa feme kapa prof- ketsahalo ea ketsahalo).
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
- Ha ho na litekanyetso tsa ho tsoa hohle / tsa ho hloleha.
- Liphetoho ho lintlha tsa merusu, boholo, bandquenteng kapa likamana tsa maqhubu a maqhubu a neng a ka supa:
-
- Ho fallisoa ha pholiso
- Core e lokolla
- Motsamao oa lead
- Nako e khutsufalitsoeng


4. Tlhahlobo ea khase e qhibilihileng (dga)
🔍Morero:
Ho bona matšoao a pele a liphoso tsa futhumatsang kapa tsa motlakase ka ho sekaseka likhahla tse se li qhibilihang oli ea ho senya.
🔧Mokhoa:
- Nka sampole ea oli e sebelisang mokhoa o nepahetseng oa sampole (ho thibela tšilafalo ea moea).
- SebelisaKhase ea Khase ea Khaseho lekanya likhase tse nepahetseng:
- Hydrogen (H₂)
- Methane (Ch₄)
- Ethylene (c₂h₄)
- Acetylene (c₂h₂)
- Carbon Monoxide (CO)
- Carbon Dioxide (Co₂)
- Sekaseka ho sebelisa Melao e joaloIEC 60599, Ieee C57.1044, kapaTriangle triangleMokhoa.
✅Tlhaloso:
- Maemo a tlase a khase: atso e tloaelehileng kapa e sa sebetseng hantle.
- Hydrocarbons e phahamisitsoeng: e jang kapa ea ikatisang.
- High acetylene (C₂h₂): mohlomong ho etsa qeto ea kahare.
- CO / CO₂ Satio: Pampiri ea Thobalano e Tumlation.
5. Tlhahlobo ea Cression (Tank & Paint Acense Defence System)
🔍Morero:
Ho etsa bonnete ba hore setumo sa transformer (hangata tšepe) le sistimi ea eona ea ho kopanya e ka hana ho tsamaea, haholo-holo bakeng sa ho kenya tšebetsong kantle kapa lebopong.
🔧Mokhoa:
- Tlhahlobo e bonoang bakeng sa mafome, ho blacinging, ho akheha, kapa ke mokoloko.
- Tekanyetso ea Teboho e sebelisaMochini o omileng oa lifilimi.
- Teko ea Spray (ka ASTM B117) kapa tlhahlobo ea mongobo ea mongobo.
- Lekola borikhoe ba ho ratana (cross -} {0} {{{1}
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
- Ha ho na libaka tse bonoang tse bonoang.
- Tekano ea ho roala e lekang bakeng sa netefatso (ka tloaelo> 80-120 μm).
- Tekanyetso ea Paint Adhesion e kholo ho feta kapa e lekanang le sehlopha sa 3B (ka ASTM D3359 kapa ISO 2409).
-


6. Teko e sebetsang ea lisebelisoa
🔍Morero:
Ho netefatsa hore lisebelisoa tsohle tse kentsoeng li etsa ka nepo le ho hokahana hantle le ts'ebetso ea transformer.
🔧E kenyelletsa:
- Sesebelisoa sa liphallelo: E sebetsa ka har'a khatello e boletsoeng; tlhahlobo e utloahala kapa e makatsang.
- Leimoso la Oli: Ho bala ka nepo ka har'a sesebelisoa sa mocheso.
- Matšoao a mocheso: Ratetsa mocheso 'me u hlahlobe karabelo ea mochini / e elektroniki.
- Buchholz Remix (Haeba e le teng): Sigamele ea ho bokella ha khase kapa ho potoloha ha oli.
- Tlanya li-changers:
- Bukana: Lekola ts'ebetso e bonolo le tsoelo-pele.
- E ikemetseng (haeba Oltc e teng): Silela lipontšo tsa taolo mme o netefatse phetoho ea mohato.
✅Khokahano ea Khokahano:
- Lisebelisoa tsohle li tlameha ho sebetsa hantle ntle le ho tsoa, ho lieha, kapa tahlehelo ea matšoao.
- Nako le karabelo li tlameha ho ba haufi le ho latela.
Tšoantšiso ea kakaretso ea liteko tse khethehileng
|
Che. |
Lebitso la liteko |
Morero |
Sehlopha sa Bohlokoa / Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa |
|
1 |
Teko ea Dischage Panka |
Fumana Ts'ireletso ea Insulation |
IEC 60270 / IEEEE C57.113 |
|
2 |
Teko ea Diectic ea Oli |
Lekola matla a ts'ebetso ea oli |
Astm d1816 / Iec 60156 |
|
3 |
Sfra (karabelo ea maqhubu a frecy) |
Lemoha ho foka kapa ho felloa ke matla |
IEee C57.149 |
|
4 |
DGA (tlhahlobo ea khase e qhibilihileng) |
Qolla liphoso tsa motlakase / Therrmal |
Iec 60599 / IEee C57.104 |
|
5 |
Corrosion & Copression Tlhahlobo |
Netefatsa hore {- ts'ireletso ea tanka ea Tank |
Asst B117, D3359 / ISO 2409 |
|
6 |
Teko ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso |
Netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea lisebelisoa tsohle |
Mohopolo oa moetsi / IEC |
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